Overview of Ghana’s Weather in February
February marks the peak of the dry season in Ghana, with generally warm temperatures and low rainfall across most parts of the country. Ghana, located in West Africa along the Gulf of Guinea, experiences a tropical climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. February falls within the harmattan period, characterized by dry, dusty winds blowing from the Sahara Desert to the north. This results in lower humidity levels and cooler temperatures, particularly in the evenings and mornings. February is typically considered one of the best months to visit Ghana, as the country experiences its most comfortable weather during this time.
In the southern regions, including the capital, Accra, February offers relatively warm temperatures during the day and cooler evenings, with little to no rainfall. In the northern regions, temperatures can soar, but the dryness makes it more bearable compared to the intense humidity and rains that come later in the year. The coastal areas remain influenced by the sea breeze, which helps moderate temperatures, while the northern and interior regions, such as Tamale, experience much hotter conditions.
Average Temperatures, Precipitation, Wind Patterns, and Atmospheric Pressure
Temperatures
Ghana’s temperatures in February vary across its regions, with coastal and southern areas experiencing milder conditions and the northern regions being notably hotter.
- Coastal Areas (e.g., Accra, Takoradi): In the coastal areas of Ghana, February brings warm, tropical conditions with daytime highs ranging from 30°C to 35°C (86°F to 95°F). The humidity is lower due to the dry harmattan winds, and nighttime temperatures tend to drop to around 22°C to 25°C (72°F to 77°F). The cooling effect of the Atlantic Ocean and the sea breeze helps to moderate the daytime heat, especially near the coast.
- Northern and Interior Regions (e.g., Tamale, Kumasi, Bolgatanga): The northern regions of Ghana experience much hotter conditions in February. Daytime temperatures can reach 35°C to 40°C (95°F to 104°F), with the hottest areas, like Tamale, regularly seeing highs above 40°C (104°F). At night, temperatures in the north cool slightly to around 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), but the heat can still feel intense due to the dry conditions and lower humidity.
- Central Regions (e.g., Kumasi, Sunyani): The central regions of Ghana, which include cities like Kumasi, experience slightly milder temperatures than the northern regions but warmer than the coastal areas. Daytime highs range from 32°C to 37°C (89°F to 99°F), with nighttime lows around 22°C to 25°C (72°F to 77°F).
Precipitation
February is one of the driest months in Ghana, with minimal rainfall across the country. The rains usually return in March, marking the start of the long rainy season.
- Coastal Regions: In coastal cities like Accra, Takoradi, and Cape Coast, February sees very little rain. Precipitation levels are typically less than 10 mm for the month, with the likelihood of showers being very low. The dry harmattan winds dominate the weather, keeping the region arid and clear.
- Northern and Interior Regions: The northern parts of Ghana, including Tamale and Bolgatanga, also experience dry conditions in February, with precipitation levels typically under 5 mm. The dry season in these areas is much more pronounced compared to the southern and coastal regions, with no significant rainfall expected.
- Central Regions: The central regions, including Kumasi and Sunyani, may see slightly more precipitation compared to the north, but rainfall is still minimal in February. Average precipitation in these areas is typically around 5 mm to 15 mm, although rainfall events are infrequent.
Snowfall
Snow is extremely rare in Ghana due to its tropical climate, and February is no exception. Temperatures remain too high for snow, and the country’s geographical location near the equator ensures that it stays warm year-round.
Wind Patterns
February in Ghana is characterized by the presence of the harmattan winds, which blow across the country from the Sahara Desert. These winds are dry and dusty, significantly lowering humidity levels, especially in the northern and central regions.
- Coastal Regions: Coastal cities experience lighter winds, with speeds generally ranging from 5 km/h to 15 km/h (3 mph to 9 mph). The sea breeze can help moderate temperatures during the day but is not as strong as in the desert regions.
- Northern and Interior Regions: In the northern regions of Ghana, the harmattan winds can be stronger, reaching speeds of 20 km/h to 30 km/h (12 mph to 19 mph). These winds help cool the air during the evenings but can also bring dust and haze, which reduces visibility. The dryness of the air also makes the wind feel cooler in the mornings and evenings.
Atmospheric Pressure
Atmospheric pressure in February in Ghana tends to be relatively stable due to the dominance of dry conditions. Coastal regions, such as Accra, typically experience atmospheric pressures of around 1010 hPa to 1015 hPa, while northern regions like Tamale may experience slightly higher pressures due to the dominance of the dry harmattan winds. The overall atmospheric pressure is moderate across the country, with minimal fluctuation in February.
Average Temperatures and Precipitation for the Past 10 Years
The table below summarizes the average temperatures and precipitation levels in Ghana during February over the past 10 years. This data provides an insight into typical weather conditions during this month, helping travelers plan their visit accordingly.
| Year | Average High Temperature (°C) | Average Low Temperature (°C) | Average Precipitation (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 34.5°C | 23.5°C | 5 mm |
| 2016 | 33.0°C | 22.0°C | 7 mm |
| 2017 | 35.0°C | 24.0°C | 3 mm |
| 2018 | 32.5°C | 21.5°C | 6 mm |
| 2019 | 33.5°C | 22.5°C | 5 mm |
| 2020 | 34.0°C | 23.0°C | 4 mm |
| 2021 | 32.0°C | 21.0°C | 8 mm |
| 2022 | 33.5°C | 22.0°C | 2 mm |
| 2023 | 34.0°C | 23.0°C | 5 mm |
| 2024 | 33.0°C | 22.0°C | 6 mm |
Things to Consider for Travelers in February
1. Warm and Dry Conditions
February in Ghana is generally warm and dry, especially in the northern and central regions. The temperatures during the day can be quite hot, especially in the interior and northern areas, while the coastal cities experience milder conditions due to the sea breeze. Travelers should prepare for hot conditions, particularly in the afternoons.
- Pack Light and Breathable Clothing: Due to the warm temperatures, it is advisable to wear lightweight, breathable clothing to stay comfortable. Clothes made from cotton and other natural fibers will help keep you cool during the day.
- Sun Protection: The intense sun can be a concern, so travelers should bring sunscreen with a high SPF, sunglasses, and a wide-brimmed hat to protect themselves from the sun. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water, especially in the northern parts of the country.
2. Harmattan Winds and Dry Conditions
The harmattan winds that blow through Ghana in February are dry and can make the air feel cooler, particularly in the mornings and evenings. These winds bring dust and haze, which may reduce visibility and affect respiratory health, especially for individuals with allergies or asthma.
- Protect Against Dust: If traveling during this period, consider wearing a scarf or mask to protect your face and lungs from the dust. It’s also advisable to stay indoors during the peak of the harmattan winds in the afternoon if you have respiratory concerns.
3. Cool Nights and Mornings
While the daytime temperatures can be warm, the nights and mornings in Ghana, particularly in the northern and central regions, can be cool. In the highlands and areas such as Kumasi and Tamale, temperatures can dip as low as 18°C to 22°C (64°F to 72°F) at night. It’s important to pack layers for the evening, including light jackets or sweaters, as it can feel cooler than expected.
4. Dry Season with Little Rainfall
February is one of the driest months in Ghana, and it is an ideal time for outdoor activities such as sightseeing, hiking, and visiting national parks. Travelers can explore the country’s natural beauty without worrying about rainstorms disrupting plans. The dry season also makes travel to places like Kakum National Park or Mole National Park more comfortable for wildlife viewing and hiking.
- Plan for Minimal Rain: While rainfall is rare in February, it’s always good to check weather forecasts for any unexpected showers. The short and sporadic rains in northern regions can still affect travel plans.
5. Travel to the Coastal Region
For those interested in visiting the coastal region, cities like Accra, Takoradi, and Cape Coast offer great opportunities for sightseeing with the relatively moderate temperatures and dry conditions in February. The beaches in this region are ideal for relaxation, and the mild weather makes exploring the coastal areas more pleasant.
- Beach and Cultural Activities: The coast of Ghana is rich in history, with historical forts, beaches, and vibrant local markets. It’s an ideal time to explore these attractions, as the weather conditions are perfect for outdoor exploration.
6. Exploring Nature and Wildlife
February is a fantastic time for exploring Ghana’s diverse ecosystems and wildlife. With minimal rain, the national parks and reserves remain accessible, and wildlife sightings are common. The Mole National Park is one of the best places for safari, and the dry season makes it easier to spot elephants, antelopes, and other animals at waterholes.
- Pack for Adventure: If planning on a safari or hiking in nature reserves, ensure you have comfortable shoes, hats, and sunscreen. It’s also wise to bring a pair of binoculars for bird watching and wildlife photography.
Things to Do in Ghana in February
1. Visit Mole National Park
Mole National Park, located in the northern part of Ghana, is a great destination for safari lovers. February’s dry weather makes it an ideal time to visit the park, as animals tend to congregate around the park’s waterholes. Travelers can see elephants, baboons, and various bird species.
2. Explore Kakum National Park
Kakum National Park, located in the central region of Ghana, offers unique canopy walks through the rainforest. The dry season in February makes the park more accessible, and visitors can enjoy the rich biodiversity of the park without the risk of heavy rain.
3. Relax on the Beaches of Cape Coast
Ghana’s coastal regions offer some beautiful beaches, and February’s warm, dry weather makes it a great time to enjoy the beach. The Cape Coast is home to beautiful stretches of sand, and visitors can also explore the nearby Cape Coast Castle, which holds historical significance.
4. Visit Accra’s Historical Sites
Accra, the capital of Ghana, is rich in cultural heritage and history. February’s pleasant weather allows visitors to explore the city’s many attractions, including the W.E.B. Du Bois Center, Kwame Nkrumah Mausoleum, and the National Museum of Ghana.
5. Enjoy Local Festivals
While February may not have large national festivals, visitors can enjoy local cultural events and festivals throughout the country. These include traditional dances, music, and street festivals in various regions, offering a glimpse into Ghana’s rich cultural heritage.
6. Explore the Volta Region
The Volta Region, known for its natural beauty, offers a mix of activities, including hikes, boat rides on Lake Volta, and visits to waterfalls such as the Wli Waterfalls. February’s dry weather makes hiking and outdoor activities more comfortable.