Ghana, a vibrant and diverse West African nation, is known for its rich cultural heritage, dynamic economy, and beautiful landscapes that range from coastal beaches to savannas. The cities of Ghana are the heart of this nation, each contributing to its identity, development, and global presence. From Accra, the bustling capital and economic powerhouse, to Kumasi, the cultural capital of the Ashanti region, Ghana’s cities showcase the country’s blend of tradition and modernity. Each city has its own unique character, shaped by history, ethnic diversity, and economic activity, making Ghana a fascinating place for both residents and visitors.
Here are the top 10 cities in Ghana by population.
1. Accra
Overview
Accra, the capital of Ghana, is the largest and most populous city in the country. Located on the Atlantic coast, Accra is Ghana’s political, economic, and cultural hub. Known for its bustling markets, vibrant nightlife, and growing technology sector, Accra is a rapidly developing city with a diverse population and a rich blend of old and new.
Population and Demographics
With a population of approximately 2.5 million people, Accra is Ghana’s most populous city. The city’s population is diverse, comprising various ethnic groups, including the Ga, Akan, Ewe, and Hausa communities, as well as a growing number of expatriates.
Economy and Industry
Accra’s economy is driven by a variety of sectors, including:
- Finance and Banking: The city is home to many national and international banks and financial institutions.
- Trade and Commerce: With numerous markets and shopping centers, Accra serves as a major trading hub.
- Technology and Innovation: Known as the tech capital of Ghana, Accra has a growing digital and startup ecosystem.
Key Attractions
Accra offers numerous attractions for both locals and tourists, including:
- Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park: A memorial dedicated to Ghana’s first president.
- Makola Market: A bustling market known for its wide array of goods.
- Osu Castle: A historical castle that once served as the seat of government.
2. Kumasi
Overview
Kumasi, the capital of the Ashanti region, is often referred to as the cultural capital of Ghana. Known for its rich history, colorful festivals, and vibrant markets, Kumasi is the heartland of the Ashanti people and a major center for culture and commerce.
Population and Demographics
Kumasi has a population of around 2 million, making it the second-largest city in Ghana. The city’s population is predominantly Akan, with a strong presence of the Ashanti ethnic group and other communities.
Economy and Industry
Kumasi’s economy is primarily driven by:
- Trade and Commerce: Known for its vast markets, including the Kejetia Market, one of the largest open-air markets in West Africa.
- Crafts and Artisanship: Renowned for its woodwork, Kente cloth weaving, and gold jewelry.
- Education: Home to the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), one of Ghana’s leading universities.
Key Attractions
Key sites in Kumasi include:
- Manhyia Palace Museum: The official residence of the Ashanti king.
- Kejetia Market: A sprawling market where a variety of goods are sold.
- Kumasi Cultural Centre: A cultural hub showcasing the traditions and arts of the Ashanti people.
3. Tamale
Overview
Tamale, the capital of the Northern Region, is the largest city in northern Ghana and is known for its unique blend of modernity and tradition. Often described as one of the fastest-growing cities in West Africa, Tamale is a major administrative and commercial center in the north.
Population and Demographics
Tamale has a population of approximately 950,000, making it the third-largest city in Ghana. The city is predominantly inhabited by the Dagomba people, but it is also home to other ethnic groups, including the Mamprusi and Gonja.
Economy and Industry
Tamale’s economy is centered around:
- Agriculture: The surrounding region is known for crop farming, particularly maize, rice, and yams.
- Trade and Commerce: Tamale serves as a major trading post for goods transported between northern Ghana and neighboring countries.
- Education: The city has several educational institutions, including the University for Development Studies.
Key Attractions
Top attractions in Tamale include:
- Mole National Park: Located nearby, it is one of Ghana’s largest wildlife reserves.
- Tamale Central Mosque: An iconic landmark with beautiful architecture.
- Daboya Weaving Village: Known for traditional smock weaving.
4. Sekondi-Takoradi
Overview
Sekondi-Takoradi, also known as the “Twin City,” is a combined city made up of Sekondi and Takoradi in Ghana’s Western Region. Known for its port and its role in the oil industry, Sekondi-Takoradi is a major economic hub and one of Ghana’s leading industrial cities.
Population and Demographics
The population of Sekondi-Takoradi is around 500,000, making it the fourth-largest city in Ghana. The city’s population includes the Fante, Ahanta, and Nzema ethnic groups, along with people from other parts of Ghana.
Economy and Industry
Sekondi-Takoradi’s economy is bolstered by:
- Oil and Gas: The city is at the center of Ghana’s oil and gas industry.
- Port and Shipping: The Takoradi Port is one of Ghana’s primary ports for imports and exports.
- Fishing and Manufacturing: The city has a longstanding fishing industry and is also involved in light manufacturing.
Key Attractions
Popular attractions in Sekondi-Takoradi include:
- Takoradi Market Circle: A large market with a variety of goods.
- Beaches: Including popular spots like Busua Beach and Dixcove.
- Fort Orange: A historical fort that dates back to the colonial era.
5. Cape Coast
Overview
Cape Coast, located along the central coast of Ghana, is a city with deep historical significance. Known for its colonial forts, slave trade history, and educational institutions, Cape Coast is one of Ghana’s most important historical cities and a popular tourist destination.
Population and Demographics
Cape Coast has a population of approximately 170,000 people. The city is primarily inhabited by the Fante people, with a mix of other ethnic groups.
Economy and Industry
Cape Coast’s economy is driven by:
- Tourism: The city’s historic forts and castles attract visitors from around the world.
- Education: Cape Coast is known as an educational hub, home to the University of Cape Coast.
- Fishing: The fishing industry has traditionally been important to the city’s economy.
Key Attractions
Cape Coast’s top attractions include:
- Cape Coast Castle: A UNESCO World Heritage site and former slave trade fort.
- Elmina Castle: Another historic castle with a significant history.
- Kakum National Park: Known for its canopy walkway and biodiversity.
6. Obuasi
Overview
Obuasi, located in the Ashanti Region, is known as Ghana’s gold mining city. The city has a rich history in the gold mining industry, which has shaped its economy and landscape.
Population and Demographics
Obuasi has a population of around 160,000. The population is primarily Akan, particularly the Ashanti people, due to its location within the Ashanti Region.
Economy and Industry
Obuasi’s economy is largely based on:
- Gold Mining: Obuasi is home to one of the world’s largest gold mines, the Obuasi Gold Mine.
- Trade and Commerce: The mining industry supports various businesses in the town.
- Agriculture: Farming is also common in the surrounding areas.
Key Attractions
Top sites in Obuasi include:
- AngloGold Ashanti Gold Mine: Known as one of Ghana’s biggest gold mines.
- Obuasi Sports Stadium: A popular venue for sports and community events.
- Local Markets: Traditional markets where locals sell food and crafts.
7. Teshie-Nungua
Overview
Teshie-Nungua is a coastal suburban area located near Accra. Known for its beaches and vibrant community life, Teshie-Nungua is one of the rapidly growing suburban areas in the Greater Accra Region.
Population and Demographics
Teshie-Nungua has a population of approximately 140,000. The area is predominantly inhabited by the Ga people, along with other ethnic groups from across Ghana.
Economy and Industry
The economy in Teshie-Nungua is supported by:
- Fishing: Fishing is a traditional occupation for many residents.
- Retail and Commerce: Local markets and businesses are essential to the local economy.
- Tourism: Beaches and annual festivals attract visitors to the area.
Key Attractions
Notable attractions in Teshie-Nungua include:
- Teshie Beach: A popular beach for relaxation and social gatherings.
- Homowo Festival: A traditional festival celebrated by the Ga people.
- Local Markets: Known for fresh seafood and local crafts.
8. Tema
Overview
Tema, known as the “Harbor City,” is a planned industrial city located east of Accra. With one of Ghana’s main seaports, Tema is a key hub for commerce and industry, contributing significantly to the country’s economy.
Population and Demographics
Tema has a population of around 130,000. The population includes diverse ethnic groups due to the city’s industrial importance, attracting people from across Ghana.
Economy and Industry
Tema’s economy is driven by:
- Port and Shipping: The Tema Port is one of the busiest in West Africa, supporting international trade.
- Manufacturing and Industry: Tema is home to factories and industries producing goods for both domestic and export markets.
- Retail and Services: Numerous businesses support the local and port economies.
Key Attractions
Popular attractions in Tema include:
- Tema Harbour: Ghana’s largest and busiest seaport.
- Sakumono Beach: A well-visited beach in the area.
- Tema Motorway Roundabout: Known for its distinctive design and gardens.
9. Ho
Overview
Ho is the capital of the Volta Region and is known for its beautiful landscapes, cultural festivals, and educational institutions. Located near the Togo border, Ho is a growing town that serves as a cultural and administrative center.
Population and Demographics
Ho has a population of around 100,000, predominantly inhabited by the Ewe people, with other ethnic communities also present.
Economy and Industry
Ho’s economy includes:
- Agriculture: The fertile Volta Region is ideal for farming, especially maize and cassava.
- Education: Ho is home to educational institutions, including the Ho Technical University.
- Tourism: The area attracts visitors with its cultural festivals and natural attractions.
Key Attractions
Top sites in Ho include:
- Mount Afadjato: The highest mountain in Ghana, located nearby.
- Tafi Atome Monkey Sanctuary: A community sanctuary home to Mona monkeys.
- Volta Regional Museum: Exhibiting artifacts from the region’s history and culture.
10. Koforidua
Overview
Koforidua, known as the “City of Flowers,” is the capital of the Eastern Region. The city is known for its scenic landscapes, historical sites, and vibrant markets. It is a popular destination for tourists and serves as a regional commercial center.
Population and Demographics
Koforidua has a population of around 90,000. The population includes primarily Akan people, along with other ethnic groups.
Economy and Industry
Koforidua’s economy is supported by:
- Retail and Commerce: Known for its popular Koforidua Market.
- Agriculture: The surrounding area produces crops like cocoa, pineapple, and coffee.
- Tourism: Attractions in and around Koforidua draw both domestic and international visitors.
Key Attractions
Popular sites in Koforidua include:
- Boti Falls: A famous double waterfall located nearby.
- Umbrella Rock: A unique rock formation and a popular tourist spot.
- Koforidua Beads Market: Known for its beautiful traditional beads and jewelry.
Ghana’s cities, each with its unique charm and role, contribute significantly to the nation’s economy, culture, and heritage. From Accra’s bustling streets to Kumasi’s cultural richness and the coastal beauty of Cape Coast, these urban centers reflect Ghana’s diversity and growth as it moves toward a promising future.